Background: This study aimed to identify the predictors of LGBT recognition\nby health sciences university students in Japan. Methods: This is a\ncross-sectional study that used quantitative data collected from 481 returned\nself-report questionnaires distributed to 866 health sciences undergraduate\nand graduate students. The following survey item and scales were used for\nmeasuring the main outcomes: Thoughts about sexual identity , Empathy\nscale , Objectivity scale , and LGBT recognition scale . Data were analyzed using\ndescriptive statistics, two-sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance,\nand multiple regression analyses. SPSS ver. 23.0 (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA)\nwas used for data analysis at a 5% significance level. Results: The number\nof returned questionnaires was 481 (55.5%). There was no significant difference\nin the LGBT recognition and the participantâ??s characteristics (e.g.,\nage and medical history). The 5 significant predictors of LGBT recognition\nwere: 1) Empathy (Beta = 0.19, p < 0.001); 2) LGBT learning experience (Beta =\n0.18, p < 0.001); 3) Objectivity (Beta = 0.15, p < 0.01); 4) Sexual problem with a\nclose person (Beta = 0.13, p < 0.01); and 5) Suffering from gender identity (Beta =\n0.09, p < 0.05). Conclusions: The predictive factors of LGBT recognition\nwere Empathy , LGBT learning experience , Objectivity , Sexual problem with \na close person, and Suffering from gender identity . Careful development\nand implementation of LGBT educational programs are needed to better understand\nthe situations and ideas of LGBT parties to enhance their recognition.
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